Chimneys are susceptible to water damage from rain and melting snow. When this seeps into the masonry, it can cause rusting and deterioration of the chimney structure.
Many homeowners choose to repair rather than replace damaged chimney components. However, sometimes, a chimney replacement may be the most practical solution. Contact Baltimore Chimney Repair now!
A home’s chimney plays a critical role in the expulsion of combustion gases, so it requires proper care and maintenance to ensure optimal function and longevity. One of the most common masonry issues homeowners encounter is cracked masonry. This issue is not only unsightly but can also pose a significant fire hazard and lead to structural damage to the chimney.
Cracks in masonry occur when the mortar that holds the brick together deteriorates, which leads to the formation of gaps between the brick. Mortar degradation can be caused by a number of factors, including constant exposure to weather elements and fluctuations in temperature that accelerate the degradation process. Poor construction or design flaws can also contribute to the deterioration of masonry.
The most common type of crack in a chimney is stair-step cracks, which are formed when the chimney’s masonry begins to collapse and crumble. These types of cracks are particularly dangerous as they may indicate larger foundation problems that require professional attention. Chimney professionals can address stair-step cracks by installing helical tie bars or by employing other structural repair methods.
Chimney cracks can also form when the chimney crown deteriorates, causing the top of the chimney to become cracked and damaged. The crown is designed to keep water and debris out of the chimney, but it can easily deteriorate due to constant exposure to harsh weather conditions and temperature changes. When the crown becomes cracked and eroded, it allows water to seep into the chimney, which can cause extensive and costly damage.
A crack in a chimney’s crown can also lead to spalling, which occurs when the surface of the brick crumbles away. This is an especially serious problem, as it exposes the underlying mortar to moisture, which can then accelerate deterioration and lead to structural damage. Chimney professionals can address this problem by waterproofing the chimney or, in severe cases, rebuilding the crown completely.
Long cracks in a chimney’s masonry are typically caused by improper installation or a structural design flaw that makes the chimney unstable. These cracks are often difficult to repair, but a qualified chimney mason can recommend repairs like tuck-pointing to address the cracks and strengthen the chimney structure.
Damaged Chimney Cap
A damaged chimney cap can lead to numerous problems, such as allowing rainwater to seep into the chimney and causing extensive damage. It can also lead to soot, creosote, and debris leaking into the fireplace and home.
It is crucial to regularly perform visual inspections of your chimney cap, especially after inclement weather, so that you can spot issues early on and have them repaired as soon as possible. A damaged chimney cap can be caused by many things, such as rust, debris buildup, and animal nesting.
Chimney caps are typically made of robust metals, such as stainless steel and galvanized steel, to help them resist rust and corrosion. Over time, however, the constant exposure to moisture and creosote can cause rusting. When a chimney cap becomes heavily rusted, it can deteriorate more quickly and be easily damaged by strong winds. Nuisance wildlife looking for a safe shelter will also find it easier to break through a weakened chimney cap mesh and obstruct the flue.
Stormy weather can also deposit twigs, leaves, dirt, and other debris on the chimney cap, leading to blockages and obstructions. These can interfere with the chimney flue’s airflow, reducing its efficiency. A damaged chimney cap will also prevent rainwater from redirected into the chimney, decreasing its lifespan and potentially causing water damage to the chimney crown, chimney walls, and interior masonry.
A new chimney cap can help to prevent all of these problems. A modern mesh chimney cap is designed to create a protective barrier while still allowing smoke and gases to pass through. It can also be fitted with a removable hood to make cleaning your chimney easier. A professional can help you decide whether a new chimney cap or repair to your current one is the best option. Chimney repair professionals recommend regular inspections to identify any potential issues, like cracks or gaps, so that they can be addressed right away before they cause major damage.
Deteriorated Flashing
Flashing is often overlooked, especially by homeowners who don’t spend a lot of time craning their necks to look at their roof. However, flashing plays a critical role in protecting your home from leaks and other chimney problems. When it fails, it can cause water infiltration, which damages the chimney and can damage your living space.
Flashing consists of narrow strips of metal, usually copper or galvanized steel because of their durability, that wrap around the area where the chimney meets the roof. It prevents water from penetrating into these joints and it redirects rainwater away from these vulnerable areas, significantly reducing the risk of leaks. Flashing can also be installed at other roof penetrations like dormers and skylights.
Over time, flashing can wear down due to exposure to rain and other elements. Flashing can also crack and break as a result of the freeze-thaw cycle that your roof experiences each winter. When that happens, ice can melt into the flashing and then expand when temperatures warm up again, leaving tiny gaps that get bigger over time.
When flashing becomes deteriorated, it is important to replace it as soon as possible. Chimney leaks caused by cracked or deteriorating flashing can damage the entire chimney structure and the interior of your home. Leaks can also worsen over time, making them more difficult and expensive to repair.
The best way to identify deteriorated flashing is to have a professional inspection of your chimney and roof. A qualified roofing contractor can recommend the appropriate flashing material for your roof and chimney. Once the flashing is replaced, it is necessary to use a high-quality caulk to seal the seams and joints.
A good repair mason should carefully remove the old flashing and clean the area, being careful not to damage the surrounding shingles or the chimney itself. He or she should also remove any broken mortar and repoint the flashing area, if necessary. A repointing job is more involved than simply applying caulk, but it is an essential part of any flashing repair project.
Damaged Chimney Crown
The chimney crown is located at the top of your chimney and it serves several important functions. It protects the chimney from precipitation, prevents water damage, and allows for proper airflow. Chimney crowns are exposed to varying temperatures, heavy rain, and snow on a regular basis and if they are not properly constructed or maintained they can be damaged. A damaged chimney crown can lead to problems with your fireplace and chimney system, including leaking walls and dampness in the home.
If your chimney crown is damaged, it will need to be repaired as soon as possible. The longer you wait, the worse the problem will become and the more costly a repair project will be. Chimney crowns are usually made of concrete and a skilled mason will use a waterproof sealant to fill in cracks, preventing further damage and protecting the chimney from moisture intrusion.
Water leaks are a common issue caused by a damaged chimney crown and they can be extremely dangerous for your family’s health and safety. Chimney crowns are constructed of mortar and concrete, which absorbs water over time. A deteriorating chimney crown allows water to penetrate the chimney structure, which can cause serious problems with the flue liners and masonry.
Fortunately, there are several warning signs to look for that can help you determine if your chimney crown is damaged. Chimney stains, rust on the chimney damper or in the firebox, and damp walls adjacent to your chimney may indicate a chimney crown problem that should be addressed immediately.
If you see signs of a damaged chimney crown, contact Felgemacher Masonry & Chimney as soon as possible. Our certified chimney professionals will inspect your chimney and chimney system to find the source of the problem. We will then recommend the best course of action, whether it is a chimney crown resealing, bond patching, or a complete chimney crown rebuild.